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Music
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[ { "section_header": "Biography", "text": "Ives was born in Danbury, Connecticut, on October 20, 1874, the son of George (Edward) Ives was born in Danbury, Connecticut, on October 20, 1874, the son of George (Edward) Ives (August 3, 1845 – November 4, 1894), a U.S. Army bandleader in the American Civil War, ...
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Charles Edward Ives (; October 20, 1874 – May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer, one of the first American composers of international renown." }, { "section_header": "Reception", "text": "While there, he championed Ives's music." }, { "s...
Charles Edward Ives's dad was in the military.
0
0
Charles Ives
Literature
2
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It is the second and only surviving part of a now otherwise lost trilogy that won the first prize at the dramatic competitions in Athens' City Dionysia festival in 472 BC, with Pericles serving as choregos." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Place in Aeschylus' work", "text": "Given Aeschylus' propensity for writing connected trilogies, the theme of divine retribution may connect the three." }, { "section_header": "Place in Aeschylus' work", "text": "The satyr play following the trilogy was Prometheus Pyrkaeus, ...
The Persians is the only story remaining from a trilogy.
0
3
The Persians
Popular Culture
1
[ { "section_header": "Plot", "text": "In court, Adela is questioned by the prosecution; it becomes clear to her that her earlier signed accusation of attempted rape was incorrect and she recants." }, { "section_header": "Plot", "text": "Aziz eventually reconciles with Fielding, and Aziz writes to...
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The screenplay is based on the 1960 play of the same name by Santha Rama Rau, which was in turn based on the 1924 novel of the same name by E.M. Forster." }, { "section_header": "Production | Filming", "text": "Instead he used the hills of Savandurga and R...
The film, A Passage to India, is based on a 1960 play and the film is about girl being arranged to her suitor but marries her assaulter instead.
1
1
A Passage to India (film)
Music
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji (born Leon Dudley Sorabji; 14 August 1892 – 15 October 1988) was an English composer, music critic, pianist and writer." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Biography | Early years", "text": "Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji was born Leon Dudley Sorabji in Chingford, Essex (now Greater London), on 14 August 1892." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji (born Leon Dudley Sorabji; 14 August 1892 – 15 Octob...
Prior to his political career, Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji tried to become an actor.
0
0
Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji
History
5
[ { "section_header": "Cultural legacy | Emergence as a legend", "text": "However, because the real Boone was a man of few words, Filson invented florid, philosophical dialogue for this \"autobiography\"." }, { "section_header": "Cultural legacy | Emergence as a legend", "text": "Subsequent editor...
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Death", "text": "Only one of the original panels still exists." }, { "section_header": "Cultural legacy", "text": "Daniel Boone remains an iconic figure in American history, although his status as an early American folk hero and later as a subject of fiction have tended to o...
The original work that popularized Daniel Boone as a folk hero was composed mostly of blatant lies regarding the man's personality, and was later edited to be less blatant, but still patently untrue.
3
7
Daniel Boone
Literature
1
[ { "section_header": "Authorship", "text": "The exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has long been the subject of speculation, owing to the fact that at least six historical figures bore the name of \"Sir Thomas Malory\" in the late 15th century." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Until the discovery of the Winchester Manuscript in 1934, the 1485 edition was considered the earliest known text of Le Morte d'Arthur and that closest to Malory's original version." }, { "section_header": "Bibliography | Commentary", "text": "Glossary to ...
The writer of Le Morte d'Arthur is widely known as the one and only 'Sir Thomas Malory'.
1
2
Le Morte d'Arthur
Sports
6
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Nicknamed the \"Man of Steal\", he is widely regarded as baseball's greatest leadoff hitter and baserunner." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Image and personality", "text": "\"Henderson was known for referring to himself in the third person." }, { "section_header": "Image and personality", "text": "Rickey says it when Rickey doesn't do what Rickey needs to be doing." }, { "section_header": "Image and pers...
Rickey was referred to as "Man of Plates".
2
8
Rickey Henderson
Popular Culture
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It has been translated into at least 73 other languages, and has been made into a feature-length film of the same name, as have all six of its sequels." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The first novel in the Harry Potter series and Rowling's debut novel" }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is a fantasy novel written by British author J. K. Rowling." }, { "section_header": "Summary",...
The first novel in the Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone has been translated into over a hundred languages.
0
0
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
Science
3
[ { "section_header": "Honours, tributes", "text": "In the film, Marie Curie was played by Isabelle Huppert." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Honours, tributes", "text": "In 1997, a French film about Pierre and Marie Curie was released, Les Palmes de M. Schutz." }, { "section_header": "Honours, tributes", "text": "In the film, Marie Curie was played by Isabelle Huppert." }, { "section_header": "Honours, tr...
In the film Les Pames de M. Schutz, Marie Curie was played by Zofia Curie.
2
5
Maria Skłodowska-Curie
Sports
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Ford is a ten-time MLB All-Star and six-time World Series champion." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974." }, { "section_header": "Legacy and honors", "text": "1974, Ford and Mickey Mantle were both elected to baseball's Hall of Fame; at that time, the Yankees retired his number 16." }, { "section_he...
Whitey Ford was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974 after being a a ten-time MLB All-Star and six-time World Series champion.
0
0
Whitey Ford
Popular Culture
7
[ { "section_header": "Production", "text": "The show's pilot episode premiered on September 24, 2007." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Reception | UK distribution and ratings", "text": "For each following season, all episodes were shown first-run on E4, with episodes only aired on the main channel in a repeat capacity, usually on a weekend morning." }, { "section_header": "Production", "text": "The show's p...
The first episode aired in 2007.
2
8
The Big Bang Theory
Literature
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The Name of the Rose (Italian: Il nome della rosa [il ˈnoːme della ˈrɔːza]) is the 1980 debut novel by Italian author Umberto Eco." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It is a historical murder mystery set in an Italian monastery in the year 1327, a...
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Adaptations | Dramatic works", "text": "A post-postmodernist spoof The Awful Truth about the Name of the Rose by Marco Ocram (2019) loosely follows the plot of the original, but is set in a modern-day A-list retreat run as a medieval monastery." }, { "section_header": "Adaptatio...
The Name of the Rose is set in medieval Italy.
1
3
The Name of the Rose
Popular Culture
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It was the best-selling novel in America in 1938 and the seventh-best in 1939." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It was the main selection of the Book of the Month Club in April 1938." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The Yearling is a novel by Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings published in March 1938." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It sold ...
The Yearling was the best-selling book in the US in 1938.
0
0
The Yearling
History
2
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "After 12 years of conflict, Napoleon Bonaparte's forces were defeated by Louverture's successor, Jean-Jacques Dessalines (later Emperor Jacques I), who declared Haiti's sovereignty on 1 January 1804—the first independent nation of Latin America and the Caribbean, the ...
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Demographics | Religion", "text": "Like other countries in Latin America, Haiti has witnessed a general Protestant expansion, which is largely Evangelical and Pentecostal in nature." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "After 12 years of conflict, Napoleon Bonaparte's ...
Haiti was the 1st country in Latin America and the Caribbean to gain independence.
1
3
Haiti
Sports
6
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Albert William Kaline ( KAY-line; December 19, 1934 – April 6, 2020), nicknamed \"Mr. Tiger\", was an American professional baseball right fielder who played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Post-playing career", "text": "He did not sign, choosing to play baseball at Florida Southern College." }, { "section_header": "Personal life", "text": "Michael played college baseball at Miami University and is the father of Colin Kaline, who had a short Minor League career...
Albert "Al" Kaline was nicknamed "Mr. October" and played for Florida South College.
3
7
Al Kaline
Popular Culture
5
[ { "section_header": "Films", "text": "It received the most Academy Awards (10 wins) of any musical film, including Best Picture." }, { "section_header": "Films", "text": "The film won ten Academy Awards in its eleven nominated categories, including Best Picture." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "References in popular culture", "text": "The 2005 short musical comedy film West Bank Story, which won the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film, concerns a love story between a Jew and a Palestinian and parodies several aspects of West Side Story." }, { "section_header"...
West Side Story went 11 for 11 at the Academy Awards.
1
5
West Side Story
Geography
8
[ { "section_header": "Tourism", "text": "In the peak season from June until August, Neuschwanstein has as many as 6,000 visitors per day, and guests without advance reservation may have to wait several hours." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Tourism", "text": "For security reasons the palace can only be visited during a 35-minute guided tour, and no photography is allowed inside the castle." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Since then more than 61 million people have visited Neuschwanstein Castle." }...
The castle is visited most often by tourists in the fall during Bavaria's Oktoberfest celebrations.
3
9
Neuschwanstein Castle
Music
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Linkin Park went on a hiatus when longtime lead vocalist Bennington died by suicide in July 2017." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "History | 2015–2017: One More Light and Bennington's death", "text": "The event featured multiple guests performing Linkin Park songs along with the band." }, { "section_header": "History | 2000–2002: Hybrid Theory and Reanimation", "text": "Within a year's stretch, Linkin P...
The band Linkin Park stopped performing after their singer passed away.
0
0
Linkin Park
Literature
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The novel has been described as a key text in French literature and has been adapted for film over a dozen times, as well as numerous television and stage adaptations, such as a 1923 silent film with Lon Chaney, a 1939 sound film with Charles Laughton, and a 1996 Disn...
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "1482) is a French Gothic novel by Victor Hugo, published in 1831." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The novel has been described as a key text in French literature and has been adapted for film over a dozen times, as well as numerous television a...
The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a French Gothic novel by Victor Hugo, published in 1831 has been described as a key text in French literature and has been adapted for film over a dozen times.
0
0
The Hunchback of Notre Dame
Music
7
[ { "section_header": "Personal life | Mental health", "text": "In a 2019 interview with David Letterman, West stated he has bipolar disorder." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Personal life | Mental health", "text": "In a 2019 interview with David Letterman, West stated he has bipolar disorder." }, { "section_header": "Personal life | Religious beliefs", "text": "In January 2019, West re-affirmed his Christian faith on Twitter." }, { "sect...
In 2019, West stated that he has bipolar disorder.
2
9
Kanye West
Literature
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Nicolas Bataille directed the premiere on 11 May 1950 at the Théâtre des Noctambules, Paris." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "With a record number of interpretations, it has become one of the most performed plays in France." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Since 1957 it has been in permanent showing at the Théâtre de la Huchette, which received a Molière d'honneur for ...
The first showing was in France.
0
0
The Bald Soprano
Music
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Gustav Mahler (German: [ˈmaːlɐ]; 7 July 1860 – 18 May 1911) was an Austro-Bohemian Romantic composer, and one of the leading conductors of his generation." }, { "section_header": "Biography | Early life | Family background", "text": "In the following year ...
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Biography | Early conducting career 1880–88 | First appointments", "text": "\" Despite poor relations with the orchestra, Mahler brought nine (13 times) operas to the theatre, including the new Bizet's Carmen, and won over the press that had initially been sceptical to him." }, { ...
Gustav Mahler was one of the best leader of orchestras of his time and had 13 siblings.
0
0
Gustav Mahler
Sports
7
[ { "section_header": "Early life", "text": "While the family lived in Mobile, his father worked as a sandblaster at Brookley Air Force Base." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1985–1986", "text": "After Smith's teammate Jack Clark hit a late-inning home run of his own in Game 6 to defeat the Dodgers, the Cardinals moved on to face the Kansas City Royals in the 1985 World Series." }, { "section_heade...
Ozzie Smith's father served in the army causing him to move around a lot as a child.
4
10
Ozzie Smith
Technology
5
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Lyft is the second-largest ridesharing company in the United States with a 28% market share after Uber, according to Second Measure." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Most jurisdictions regulate ridesharing companies and they are banned from operating in some jurisdictions." }, { "section_header": "History", "text": "Whereas Zimride was focused on college campuses, Lyft launched as a ridesharing company for shorter trip...
Lyft is the 1st biggest ride-share company in the US.
2
6
Lyft
NOCAT
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "A Man in Full is the second novel by Tom Wolfe, published on November 12, 1998, by Farrar, Straus & Giroux." } ]
07r9Xw76jLqB0bua8MZs
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Other media", "text": "The unabridged audiobook of A Man in Full was released in 2018 and was narrated by American actor Michael Pritchard." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "A Man In Full features a number of point-of-view characters." }, { "section_header"...
A Man in Full was the author's 3rd book to be released.
0
1
A Man in Full
Sports
9
[ { "section_header": "Childhood", "text": "Vince Piazza earned a fortune of more than $100 million in used cars and real estate, and attempted several times to purchase an MLB franchise." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Piazza was drafted by the Dodgers in the 1988 MLB draft as a favor from Tommy Lasorda to Piazza's father." }, { "section_header": "Childhood", "text": "Vince Piazza earned a fortune of more than $100 million in used cars and real estate, and attempted seve...
Thanks to his wealth, his father tried to buy an MLB franchise.
2
9
Mike Piazza
Literature
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It dramatises the romantic and artistic conflicts between four characters: the famous middlebrow story writer Boris Trigorin, the ingenue Nina, the fading actress Irina Arkadina, and her son the symbolist playwright Konstantin Treplyov." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Plot | Act I", "text": "Act I also sets up the play's various romantic triangles." }, { "section_header": "Adaptations | Film", "text": "The play was also adapted as the Russian film The Seagull in 1970." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The Seagull is ...
The Seagull is a romantic play.
0
0
The Seagull
Music
3
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – disappeared December 15, 1944) was an American big-band trombonist, arranger, composer, and bandleader in the swing era." }, { "section_header": "Disappearance", "text": "Miller's disappearance was not made public until ...
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Disappearance", "text": "Miller spent the last night before his disappearance at Milton Ernest Hall, near Bedford." }, { "section_header": "Disappearance", "text": "In 2019 it was reported that TIGHAR will investigate Miller's disappearance." }, { "section_header": "...
Glenn Miller disappeared in 1945.
2
5
Glenn Miller
History
3
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The Ostend Manifesto, also known as the Ostend Circular, was a document written in 1854 that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain while implying that the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused." }, { "section_header": "Su...
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Writing the Manifesto", "text": "Prominent among the reasons for annexation outlined in the manifesto were fears of a possible slave revolt in Cuba parallel to the Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) in the absence of U.S. intervention." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": ...
The manifesto was written to make it seem reasonable for the US to buy Cuba from the Spaniards.
2
4
Ostend Manifesto
Sports
0
[ { "section_header": "Personal life", "text": "The couple married in 1992 and divorced in 2000, after it was revealed that Jones had an 18-month extramarital affair with a Hooters waitress that produced a son, Matthew, born in 1998.He married Sharon Logonov in March 2000 in Pierson, Florida." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Personal life", "text": "Jones and Higgins were married on June 14, 2015." }, { "section_header": "Personal life", "text": "The couple married in 1992 and divorced in 2000, after it was revealed that Jones had an 18-month extramarital affair with a Hooters waitress that prod...
Jones has never been married.
0
0
Chipper Jones
Geography
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Overtaking the Cologne Cathedral, it was the tallest structure in the world between 1884 and 1889, after which it was overtaken by the Eiffel Tower in Paris." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Components | Miscellaneous details", "text": "It is both the world's tallest predominantly stone structure and the world's tallest obelisk." }, { "section_header": "History | Later history", "text": "It is still the tallest building in Washington, D.C." }, { "section...
The Washington Monument was the tallest structure when it was built.
0
0
Washington Monument
Literature
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "All that can be said with certainty is that it is a Roman play, and perhaps even a sequel to another of Shakespeare's tragedies, Julius Caesar." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Antony and Cleopatra (First Folio title: The Tragedie of Anthonie, a...
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Themes and motifs | Empire | Empire and intertextuality", "text": "Critics suggest that Shakespeare did similar work with these sources in Othello, Julius Caesar, and Coriolanus." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "All that can be said with c...
Antony and Cleopatra may likely be a continuation of the story about Julius Caesar.
0
0
Antony and Cleopatra
Sports
2
[ { "section_header": "Personal life", "text": "The couple had five children: Margaret Mason (Stanley) (1895–1976), Helen Carolyn (Dodd) (1897–1980), John Edwin (1900–1986), Maude Ann (Dawe) (1904–1972), and James Sherman (1913–1980)." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Personal life", "text": "Naismith is buried with his first wife in Memorial Park Cemetery in Lawrence." }, { "section_header": "Personal life", "text": "His mother, Margaret Young, was born in 1833 and immigrated to Lanark County, Canada in 1852 as the fourth of 11 children....
James Naismith had 6 children with his wife.
1
2
James Naismith
Popular Culture
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The movie was controversial in its day, as was a similar film on the same subject, Crossfire, which was released the same year (though that film was originally a story about homophobia, later changed to anti-Semitism)." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Reception and box-office", "text": "In recognition for producing Gentleman's Agreement, the Hollywood chapter of" }, { "section_header": "Reception and box-office", "text": ", Gentleman's Agreement was one of Fox's highest-grossing movies of 1947." }, { "section_head...
Gentleman's Agreement has been controversial.
0
0
Gentleman's Agreement
Sports
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "A Hall of Famer, Clarke played for and managed both the Louisville Colonels and Pittsburgh Pirates." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Early life and career", "text": "Clarke impressed the Hastings team and he signed his first professional contract." }, { "section_header": "Early life and career", "text": "In 1892, a professional team in Hastings, Nebraska sent a railroad ticket to Des Moines semiprofession...
Clarke played for two teams during his professional career.
0
0
Fred Clarke
Literature
3
[ { "section_header": "Reception", "text": "\"No Longer at Ease\" debuted to largely positive reviews." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Plot summary", "text": "He is arrested, bringing us up to the events that opened the story." }, { "section_header": "Reception", "text": "\"No Longer at Ease\" debuted to largely positive reviews." } ]
The film opened with mostly negative critiques.
0
3
No Longer At Ease
Literature
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The Sound and the Fury is a novel by the American author William Faulkner." } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Plot | Appendix: Compson: 1699–1945", "text": "Having been written sixteen years after The Sound and the Fury, the appendix presents some textual differences from the novel, but serves to clarify the novel's opaque story." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "In 1931, ...
The Sound and the Fury is a short story.
0
0
The Sound and the Fury
Technology
2
[ { "section_header": "Criticism and controversies", "text": "Huawei executives have consistently denied these allegations, having stated that the company has never received any requests by the Chinese government to introduce backdoors in its equipment, would refuse to do so, and that Chinese law did not comp...
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Criticism and controversies", "text": "Huawei has faced criticism for various aspects of its operations, with its most prominent controversies having involved U.S. allegations of its products containing backdoors for Chinese government espionage—consistent with domestic laws requiring C...
The Chinese technology company Huawei has stated they have cooperated with the government to spy on their users.
0
3
Huawei
Geography
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Rikers Island () is a 413.17-acre (167.20-hectare) island in the East River between Queens and the Bronx that is home to New York City's main jail complex." } ]
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "History | Proposed closure of jail complex", "text": "In light of possible closure of the jail complex, New York City Public Advocate Letitia James suggested renaming the island after Kalief Browder, an inmate who committed suicide after being jailed at Rikers." }, { "section_he...
Rikers Island prison is a New York jail complex.
0
0
Rikers Island prison
Popular Culture
3
[ { "section_header": "In other media | Merchandising", "text": "The success of the Star Wars films led the franchise to become one of the most merchandised franchises in the world." }, { "section_header": "Film | Skywalker saga | Original trilogy", "text": "In 1971, George Lucas wanted to film an...
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SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "In other media | Merchandising", "text": "While filming the original 1977 film, George Lucas decided to take a $500,000 pay cut to his salary as director in exchange for full ownership of the franchise's merchandising rights." }, { "section_header": "In other media | Merchandisi...
Star Wars was started by George Lucas and as grown into a media empire that includes films, TV and other merchandise.
1
3
Star Wars
Science
6
[ { "section_header": "Reproduction", "text": "Most nematode species are dioecious, with separate male and female individuals, though some, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, are androdioecious, consisting of hermaphrodites and rare males." } ]
0CStKfLjKrN1jKLcWsxg
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Reproduction", "text": "Most nematode species are dioecious, with separate male and female individuals, though some, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, are androdioecious, consisting of hermaphrodites and rare males." }, { "section_header": "Reproduction", "text": "Males are us...
Most nematode species are dioecious with separate male and female individuals.
3
8
Nematoda
Geography
0
[ { "section_header": "History | Portuguese and British rule", "text": "Growing apprehensive of the power of the Mughal emperor Humayun, Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat was obliged to sign the Treaty of Bassein with the Portuguese Empire on 23 December 1534." }, { "section_header": "History | Portugues...
0CTkllgOyuW7rCtjsA9R
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "History | Early history", "text": "Mumbai is built on what was once an archipelago of seven islands: Isle of Bombay, Parel, Mazagaon, Mahim, Colaba, Worli, and Old Woman's Island (also known as Little Colaba)." }, { "section_header": "Sports", "text": "Mumbai is home to the ...
Mumbai was once controlled by Portugal.
0
0
Mumbai
Sports
5
[ { "section_header": "MLB career | Early career", "text": ", Banks received a visit from Jackie Robinson that influenced his quiet presence in baseball." }, { "section_header": "MLB career | Early career", "text": "He was the Cubs' first black player; he became one of several former Negro league ...
0D1Dj5LW5RchWqle8CbW
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Personal life", "text": "Banks and Bob Nelson became the first black owners of a U.S. Ford Motor Company dealership in 1967, Ernie Banks Ford on Chicago's south side." }, { "section_header": "MLB career | Early career", "text": "At the same time that Anderson threw the new b...
Ernie Banks was the first black baseball player for the New York Yankees.
2
5
Ernie Banks
Science
6
[ { "section_header": "Personal life | Marriages", "text": "After his divorce from Jane in 1995, Hawking married Mason in September, declaring, \"It's wonderful – I have married the woman I love." }, { "section_header": "Personal life | Marriages", "text": "In the late 1980s, Hawking grew close to...
0D3qXiv6ULXlzuvLTIw4
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Personal life | Disability", "text": "One of those employed was Elaine Mason, who was to become Hawking's second wife." }, { "section_header": "Early life | Family", "text": "1955–2003).In 1950, when Hawking's father became head of the division of parasitology at the Nationa...
Hawking's former nurse became his wife in 1995.
4
7
Stephen Hawking
History
1
[ { "section_header": "History | Medieval Hungary 895–1526 | Decline of Hungary (1490–1526)", "text": "The early appearance of Protestantism further worsened internal relations in the country." } ]
0DKu6FOnKoslbttpCcnv
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "History | Medieval Hungary 895–1526 | Decline of Hungary (1490–1526)", "text": "In 1514, the weakened old King Vladislaus II faced a major peasant rebellion led by György Dózsa, which was ruthlessly crushed by the nobles, led by John Zápolya." }, { "section_header": "History | M...
The European country of Hungary was destabilized in the 1500s due to the appearance of Catholicism along with the king dying without lawful sons and a major peasant rebellion.
1
1
Hungary
Popular Culture
0
[ { "section_header": "Plot", "text": "The film is not edited in a linear chronological order, wherefore the summaries are simplified and ordered mainly via location and in the order of appearance." } ]
0DmUEkhWwtNTbX1xcrVX
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Release", "text": "Babel was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Babel is a 2006 psychological drama film directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu and written by Guillermo Arriaga." }, { ...
The 2006 film Babel is not linear.
0
0
Babel (film)
Sports
2
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Manchester City Football Club is an English football club based in Manchester that competes in the Premier League, the top flight of English football." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "They since regained promotion to the top tier in 2001–02 and ...
0DpvU2ZPW4f3NZTbT6Mh
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "After losing the 1981 FA Cup Final, the club went through a period of decline, culminating in relegation to the third tier of English football for the only time in its history in 1998." }, { "section_header": "Stadium", "text": "A 7,000-seat third tier on ...
Manchester City Football Club reentered the top tier after falling to third tier in 1998.
1
4
Manchester City F.C.
Sports
6
[ { "section_header": "Baseball career | Return to baseball", "text": "Following his discharge from the military, Day returned to the Eagles in time for Opening Day on May 5, 1946." } ]
0ENHZ2d9bC6o2mooXqPK
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Baseball career | World War II", "text": "On September 1, 1943, Day was drafted into military service." }, { "section_header": "Baseball career | World War II", "text": "Day and fellow Negro leaguer Willard Brown were recruited to the Overseas Invasion Service Expedition (OI...
Leon Day served in World War II then returned to baseball after his service.
2
6
Leon Day
Sports
0
[ { "section_header": "Franchise history | 1946–1962: Early years", "text": "The Warriors were founded in 1946 as the Philadelphia Warriors, a charter member of the Basketball Association of America." } ]
0ElcD3lQ0c4UWCNWbrkP
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The Golden State Warriors are an American professional basketball team based in San Francisco." }, { "section_header": "Franchise history | 2009–present: Stephen Curry era | Move from Oakland back to San Francisco", "text": "Although the Warriors considere...
The San Francisco basketball team The Golden State Warriors was originally in Philadelphia.
0
0
Golden State Warriors
History
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "[tʰɛ̂ːbai̯]) is a city in Boeotia, central Greece." } ]
0FuoMJ1QtOMEC75xtCwq
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "History | Mythic record", "text": "Cadmus was famous for teaching the Phoenician alphabet and building the Acropolis, which was named the Cadmeia in his honor and was an intellectual, spiritual, and cultural center." }, { "section_header": "History | Archaic and classical period...
Thebes, Greece is located in the center of the country.
0
0
Thebes, Greece
Geography
5
[ { "section_header": "History | 20th century", "text": "Both Hitler in 1940 and de Gaulle in 1944 observed this custom." }, { "section_header": "History | 20th century", "text": "After the interment of the Unknown Soldier, however, all military parades (including the aforementioned post-1919) hav...
0GR7QPeJTzYYCMDvYwYh
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "History | 20th century", "text": "By the early 1960s, the monument had grown very blackened from coal soot and automobile exhaust, and during 1965–1966 it was cleaned through bleaching." }, { "section_header": "Design | Monument", "text": "The steel and new media installatio...
Even enemy combatants during the second World War did not walk troops through the monument directly.
3
9
Arc de Triomphe
History
3
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The Dorr Rebellion (1841–1842) was an attempt by middle-class residents to force broader democracy in the U.S. state of Rhode Island, where a small rural elite was in control of government." } ]
0GsSCKb4ez9MHYvMffrI
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Rebellion", "text": "In 1841, suffrage supporters led by Dorr gave up on attempts to change the system from within." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "A later legislative rule required that a man had to be white and own $134 in property in order to vote." }, { ...
Dorr Rebellion was attempted by a man in Virginia.
4
4
Dorr Rebellion
Literature
5
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha (Modern Spanish: El ingenioso hidalgo (in Part 2, caballero) Don Quijote de la Mancha, pronounced [el iŋxeˈnjoso iˈðalɣo ðoŋ kiˈxote ðe la ˈmantʃa] (listen)), or just Don Quixote (, US: , Spanish: [doŋ kiˈxote] (listen)...
0HAiynzKUnpvhQSSUM5W
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary | Part 2", "text": "Although the two parts are now published as a single work, Don Quixote, Part Two was a sequel published ten years after the original novel." }, { "section_header": "Summary | Part 2", "text": "Cervantes' meta-fictional device was to make even the ...
The novel was published in 2 parts.
2
6
Don Quixote
Sports
2
[ { "section_header": "Early life", "text": "He attended Gettysburg Academy, a prep school affiliated with the college." }, { "section_header": "Early life", "text": "However, he played for the college's team without ever being enrolled there." } ]
0HLd3BwYdEYy4VadRP55
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Early life", "text": "History books often erroneously state that Plank graduated from Gettysburg College." }, { "section_header": "Early life", "text": "He attended Gettysburg Academy, a prep school affiliated with the college." }, { "section_header": "Early life", ...
Eddie Plank attended and played baseball Gettysburg College, but did not graduate.
1
3
Eddie Plank
Music
0
[ { "section_header": "Life and career | Early years", "text": "Isaac hoped to secure permanent employment in Paris but failed to do so and returned to Cologne." } ]
0HzoXbfFGHpZOWTTOSoy
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Life and career | Cello virtuoso", "text": "Having left the conservatoire, Offenbach was free from the stern academicism of Cherubini's curriculum, but as the biographer James Harding writes, \"he was free, also, to starve.\" He secured a few temporary jobs in theatre orchestras before ...
Jacques Offenbach tried to find a permanent job in France.
0
0
Jacques Offenbach
Sports
3
[ { "section_header": "Career", "text": "McCarthy moved to the National League and played with the Boston Beaneaters the following season and the Philadelphia Quakers the following two years but failed to bat higher than .200 in any season, although in limited at-bats." } ]
0JCetFusLCdoeyWtzTfE
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Career", "text": "McCarthy moved back to the National League to play for the Boston Beaneaters in 1892 and enjoyed his most productive seasons over the next few years." }, { "section_header": "Career", "text": "McCarthy moved to the National League and played with the Boston...
McCarthy had his most productive years in the sport under the Boston Beaneaters.
2
3
Tommy McCarthy
Literature
4
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel by English novelist George Orwell." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It was published on 8 June 1949 by Secker & Warburg as Orwell's ninth and final book completed in hi...
0JKykayntCfKUva7qD3m
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Cultural impact", "text": "In 1970, the American rock group Spirit released the song \"1984\" based on Orwell's novel." }, { "section_header": "Cultural impact", "text": "In September 2009, the English progressive rock band Muse released The Resistance, which included songs ...
George Orwell's final novel Nineteen Eighty-Four inspired a rock song titled "1984" by Spirit.
2
5
Nineteen Eighty-Four
Sports
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Thome spent over a decade with the Tribe, before leaving via free agency after the 2002 season, to join the Philadelphia Phillies, with whom he spent the following three seasons." } ]
0JYmA2vS0yaJoixYZsgS
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Professional career | Cleveland Indians (1991–2002) | 1998–2002", "text": "During his stint with the Cleveland Indians, when Jim Thome would hit a home run, the scoreboard would often display \"THOME RUN\" to mark this accomplishment." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text...
Jim Thome played for the Cleveland Indians before he played for the Philadelphia Phillies.
0
0
Jim Thome
History
6
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It played an important role in the internal conflicts of France and for most of its history was used as a state prison by the kings of France." } ]
0JtUoGjCx8C5alaBSHgt
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "History | The French Revolution | Destruction", "text": "The ruins of the Bastille rapidly became iconic across France." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "It played an important role in the internal conflicts of France and for most of its history was used as a state...
France doesn't value the Bastille.
2
6
Bastille
History
2
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "[O.S. 14 December] 1825. Russian army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Tsar Nicholas" } ]
0JzBdRXR2OpB2J2NtM14
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "At Senate Square", "text": "When Constantine made his renunciation public, and Nicholas stepped forward to assume the throne, the Northern Society acted." }, { "section_header": "Union of Salvation and Union of Prosperity", "text": "But the Decembrists were against slavery i...
The Decembrist Revolt was made to object against Constantine.
1
3
Decembrist revolt
Sports
6
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Henry Benjamin Greenberg (born Hyman Greenberg; January 1, 1911 – September 4, 1986), nicknamed \"Hammerin' Hank\", \"Hankus Pankus\", or \"The Hebrew Hammer\", was an American professional baseball player and team executive." } ]
0K3DLK9oD7KN8Tu9y42t
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Early life", "text": "His family moved to the Bronx when he was about seven." }, { "section_header": "Early life", "text": "Hank Greenberg was born Hyman Greenberg on January 1, 1911, in Greenwich Village, New York City, to Romanian Orthodox Jewish parents, David and Sarah G...
Hank Greenberg comes from a Jewish family.
2
6
Hank Greenberg
Popular Culture
3
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The book won the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize for fiction, and it was cited prominently when Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962.Set during the Great Depression, the novel focuses on the Joads, a poor family of tenant farmers driven from their Okla...
0LAFfu72FVooLCtUEfKr
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Plot", "text": "The Joads quietly leave the orchard to work at a cotton farm, where Tom remains at risk of being arrested for the homicide." }, { "section_header": "Plot", "text": "When they arrive at Tom's childhood farm home, they find it deserted." }, { "section_h...
The Joads leave their farm to find work in California.
3
6
The Grapes of Wrath
Popular Culture
0
[ { "section_header": "Career | 2005–2007: Breakthrough with Junebug and Enchanted", "text": "Disillusioned by her firing from Dr. Vegas, 30-year-old Adams considered quitting acting altogether after completing work on the independent comedy-drama Junebug, which had a production budget of under $1 million." ...
0LSRamCX9tSUStGuGCr1
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Personal life", "text": "She frequently breaks into song when stressed at work." }, { "section_header": "Career | 1994–2004: Dinner theater and early screen appearances", "text": "Adams instead enrolled in acting classes, realizing that she had \"a lot to learn and a lot of ...
Adams had her first break through part in her early 20s.
0
0
Amy Adams
Technology
0
[ { "section_header": "Operations | Financials and ownership", "text": "On June 19, 2015, eBay Inc. announced that it would divest its stake back to Craigslist for an undisclosed amount, and settle its litigation with the company." } ]
0LZ0uJIfHe9e60QjHNTe
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Operations | Financials and ownership", "text": "eBay owned approximately 25%, and Newmark is believed to own the largest stake." }, { "section_header": "Operations | Financials and ownership", "text": "The company was believed to be owned principally by Newmark, Buckmaster ...
EBay owns Craigslist.
1
1
Craigslist
Popular Culture
5
[ { "section_header": "Career | Early career (1991–95)", "text": "He made his screen debut in 1991, in a Law & Order episode called \"The Violence of Summer\", playing a man accused of rape." } ]
0MhfvUpypF9ZPyMPG2S8
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Philip Seymour Hoffman (July 23, 1967 – February 2, 2014) was an American actor, director, and producer." }, { "section_header": "Career | Critical acclaim (2005–09)", "text": "Hoffman took the title role for a project that he co-produced and helped come t...
Philip Seymour Hoffman took debuted in a television series in the 1990's.
3
8
Philip Seymour Hoffman
Literature
3
[ { "section_header": "Collection and compilation | Publishing | Translations", "text": "Of the few complete translations into English, it is only the older translations by John Martin Crawford (1888) and William Forsell Kirby (1907) which attempt to strictly follow the original (Kalevala metre) of the poems....
0MiHuw9OC5Nztjkd63DP
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Collection and compilation | Poetry | Form and structure", "text": "The rhythm could vary but the music was arranged in either two or four lines in 54 metre." }, { "section_header": "Collection and compilation | Poetry | Form and structure | Metre", "text": "The Kalevala's m...
There are only two attempts to render the Kalevala in the tongue of the British people without losing the Finnish metre of the poetry.
0
3
Kalevala
History
0
[ { "section_header": "Death", "text": "He died on May 29, 1998, at the age of 89 at his long-time home in Paradise Valley, Arizona, of complications from the stroke." } ]
0NggxQsEkIlySKxDa7ku
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Goldwater Scholarship", "text": "The Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Program was established by Congress in 1986." }, { "section_header": "Legacy | Buildings and monuments", "text": "Among the buildings and monuments named after Barry Goldwater are...
Barry Goldwater expired of colon cancer.
0
0
Barry Goldwater
Sports
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": ", he played for six different teams, most notably the Cleveland Indians, during the 1990s and early 2000s." } ]
0ONEjFtGh53gBBEmBPi1
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Early life", "text": "He played American Legion Baseball for Bartonville Limestone Post 979 in his hometown, as well." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "James Howard Thome (; born August 27, 1970) is an American former professional baseball corner infielder and desi...
American baseball player Jim Thome played for 6 teams.
0
0
Jim Thome
Music
0
[ { "section_header": "Legacy", "text": "Strauss's musical style played a major role in the development of film music in the middle of the 20th century." }, { "section_header": "Strauss as composer | Tone poems and other orchestral works", "text": "However, Strauss's style began to truly develop a...
0Ofoe1sh5TTpXLMuwIrd
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Along with Gustav Mahler, he represents the late flowering of German Romanticism after Wagner, in which pioneering subtleties of orchestration are combined with an advanced harmonic style." }, { "section_header": "Success in conducting and tone poems (1885–189...
German composer Richard Strauss transformed from conservative to an advanced modern style, and his scores represent a major evolution for the movie music industry.
0
0
Richard Strauss
Sports
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Leroy Robert \"Satchel\" Paige (July 7, 1906 – June 8, 1982) was an American Negro league baseball and Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who is notable for his longevity in the game, and for attracting record crowds" } ]
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REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Legacy", "text": "Bob Feller would say that Paige was the best he ever saw." }, { "section_header": "Pitching style", "text": "In his early years, Paige was known as a pure fastball pitcher." }, { "section_header": "Negro leagues | Pittsburgh, California, and North D...
Paige was best known as a football player.
0
0
Satchel Paige
Literature
4
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel by English novelist George Orwell." } ]
0PiU13w2uIyLTJO8i7SM
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "World in novel | The Revolution", "text": "The British Isles are not part of Eurasia because the United States annexed them along with the rest of the British Empire and Latin America, thus establishing Oceania and gaining control over a quarter of the planet." }, { "section_hea...
The author of the novel is British.
1
6
Nineteen Eighty-Four
Science
1
[ { "section_header": "Evolution", "text": "As the major defining characteristic of the eukaryotic cell, the nucleus' evolutionary origin has been the subject of much speculation." } ]
0PnWm25lviNi7HFcsPbb
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Structures | Nuclear lamina", "text": "The actual function of the veil is not clear, although it is excluded from the nucleolus and is present during interphase." }, { "section_header": "Evolution", "text": "As the major defining characteristic of the eukaryotic cell, the nu...
The origin of the nucleus is not clear.
2
3
Cell nucleus
Literature
0
[ { "section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Literature", "text": "Cynthia Ozick's novel, Foreign Bodies (2010), tells the story of The Ambassadors with a woman as the protagonist." } ]
0QRkrbL6yRQ7Rg0oQ6Ng
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Literary significance and criticism", "text": "In the New York Edition preface Henry James proclaimed The Ambassadors as the best of his novels." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "The Ambassadors is a 1903 novel by Henry James, originally published as a serial in th...
The novel The Ambassadors was rewritten by an author other than Henry James with a female lead character.
0
0
The Ambassadors
Literature
3
[ { "section_header": "Synopsis | Act 3", "text": "Beralde says he knows a number of members of the medical faculty who can make Argan a doctor that very night." }, { "section_header": "Synopsis | Act 3", "text": "He suggests that Argan should just become a doctor himself, since no disease would d...
0QjkW8wHeA7Bg7cf0qbX
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Synopsis | Act 3", "text": "Toinette comes in and says that a new doctor has arrived who wants to treat Argan." }, { "section_header": "Synopsis | Act 2", "text": "Argan's brother, Beralde, who is a lawyer, comes to visit him." }, { "section_header": "Synopsis | Act ...
Argan decides that he should be a lawyer and sue the doctors who have been treating him.
3
4
The Imaginary Invalid
Popular Culture
0
[ { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Aquaman is a 2018 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, it is the sixth film in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU)." } ]
0R4sIUs6vxfo8nHjWTLK
SUPPORTS
[ { "section_header": "Reception | Other territories", "text": "By Thursday, its fifth day, the film had made $135.3 million, surpassing the lifetime totals of every solo Marvel Cinematic Universe film." }, { "section_header": "Summary", "text": "Distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, it is the six...
The movie Aquaman is a non Marvel film in the DC Universe.
0
0
Aquaman (film)
Geography
0
[ { "section_header": "Government | City state", "text": "The Senate consists of the Governing Mayor (Regierender Bürgermeister) and up to eight senators holding ministerial positions, one of them holding the title of \"Mayor\" (Bürgermeister) as deputy to the Governing Mayor." }, { "section_header": ...
0RBSyBamY9aJUpOAjEz5
REFUTES
[ { "section_header": "Government | City state", "text": "Since the reunification on 3 October 1990, Berlin has been one of the three city states in Germany among the present 16 states of Germany." }, { "section_header": "Government | City state", "text": "The House of Representatives (Abgeordnete...
Berlin, Germany, one of the sixteen city states, has a senate of eight state parliament members.
0
0
Berlin
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

https://github.com/google-research/fool-me-twice

@inproceedings{eisenschlos-etal-2021-fool,
    title = "Fool Me Twice: Entailment from {W}ikipedia Gamification",
    author = {Eisenschlos, Julian Martin  and
      Dhingra, Bhuwan  and
      Bulian, Jannis  and
      B{\"o}rschinger, Benjamin  and
      Boyd-Graber, Jordan},
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies",
    month = jun,
    year = "2021",
    address = "Online",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2021.naacl-main.32",
    pages = "352--365",
    abstract = "We release FoolMeTwice (FM2 for short), a large dataset of challenging entailment pairs collected through a fun multi-player game. Gamification encourages adversarial examples, drastically lowering the number of examples that can be solved using {``}shortcuts{''} compared to other popular entailment datasets. Players are presented with two tasks. The first task asks the player to write a plausible claim based on the evidence from a Wikipedia page. The second one shows two plausible claims written by other players, one of which is false, and the goal is to identify it before the time runs out. Players {``}pay{''} to see clues retrieved from the evidence pool: the more evidence the player needs, the harder the claim. Game-play between motivated players leads to diverse strategies for crafting claims, such as temporal inference and diverting to unrelated evidence, and results in higher quality data for the entailment and evidence retrieval tasks. We open source the dataset and the game code.",
}
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