human
Petya has an array of integers a_1, a_2, …, a_n. He only likes sorted arrays. Unfortunately, the given array could be arbitrary, so Petya wants to sort it.

Petya likes to challenge himself, so he wants to sort array using only 3-cycles. More formally, in one operation he can pick 3 pairwise distinct indices i, j, and k (1 ≤ i, j, k ≤ n) and apply i → j → k → i cycle to the array a. It simultaneously places a_i on position j, a_j on position k, and a_k on position i, without changing any other element.

For example, if a is [10, 50, 20, 30, 40, 60] and he chooses i = 2, j = 1, k = 5, then the array becomes [\underline{50}, \underline{40}, 20, 30, \underline{10}, 60].

Petya can apply arbitrary number of 3-cycles (possibly, zero). You are to determine if Petya can sort his array a, i. e. make it non-decreasing.

Input

Each test contains multiple test cases. The first line contains the number of test cases t (1 ≤ t ≤ 5 ⋅ 10^5). Description of the test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 5 ⋅ 10^5) — the length of the array a.

The second line of each test case contains n integers a_1, a_2, …, a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ n).

It is guaranteed that the sum of n over all test cases does not exceed 5 ⋅ 10^5.

Output

For each test case, print "YES" (without quotes) if Petya can sort the array a using 3-cycles, and "NO" (without quotes) otherwise. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower).

Example

Input

7
1
1
2
2 2
2
2 1
3
1 2 3
3
2 1 3
3
3 1 2
4
2 1 4 3

Output

YES
YES
NO
YES
NO
YES
YES

Note

In the 6-th test case Petya can use the 3-cycle 1 → 3 → 2 → 1 to sort the array.

In the 7-th test case Petya can apply 1 → 3 → 2 → 1 and make a = [1, 4, 2, 3]. Then he can apply 2 → 4 → 3 → 2 and finally sort the array.
Using python3 can you solve the prior task?

=====
Write me a Python program to determine if Petya can sort his array a, i?
assistant
#Here is Python program to determine if Petya can sort his array a, i.

def main():
    
    t = int(input())
    allans = []
    for _ in range(t):
        n = int(input())
        a = readIntArr()
        if len(set(a)) < n: # at least 1 repeated element
            allans.append('YES')
        else:
            # simulate
            b = list(sorted(a))
            indexes = {x : i for i, x in enumerate(a)}
            for i in range(n - 2):
                if a[i] == b[i]:
                    continue
                ii = i
                kk = indexes[b[i]]
                if kk != n - 1:
                    jj = n - 1
                else:
                    jj = n - 2
                # ii -> jj -> kk -> ii
                indexes[a[ii]] = jj
                indexes[a[jj]] = kk
                indexes[a[kk]] = ii
                temp = a[ii]
                a[ii] = a[kk]
                a[kk] = a[jj]
                a[jj] = temp
            if a[n - 2] <= a[n - 1]:
                allans.append('YES')
            else:
                allans.append('NO')
    multiLineArrayPrint(allans)
    
    return

import sys
input=sys.stdin.buffer.readline #FOR READING PURE INTEGER INPUTS (space separation ok)
# input=lambda: sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n") #FOR READING STRING/TEXT INPUTS.

def oneLineArrayPrint(arr):
    print(' '.join([str(x) for x in arr]))
def multiLineArrayPrint(arr):
    print('\n'.join([str(x) for x in arr]))
def multiLineArrayOfArraysPrint(arr):
    print('\n'.join([' '.join([str(x) for x in y]) for y in arr]))
 
def readIntArr():
    return [int(x) for x in input().split()]
# def readFloatArr():
#     return [float(x) for x in input().split()]
 
def makeArr(defaultValFactory,dimensionArr): # eg. makeArr(lambda:0,[n,m])
    dv=defaultValFactory;da=dimensionArr
    if len(da)==1:return [dv() for _ in range(da[0])]
    else:return [makeArr(dv,da[1:]) for _ in range(da[0])]
 
def queryInteractive(i,j):
    print('? {} {}'.format(i,j))
    sys.stdout.flush()
    return int(input())
 
def answerInteractive(i,j,k):
    print('! {} {} {}'.format(i,j,k))
   ...