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What is a Python code to print a single integer — the answer to the problem given the following:
A competitive eater, Alice is scheduling some practices for an eating contest on a magical calendar. The calendar is unusual because a week contains not necessarily 7 days!

In detail, she can choose any integer k which satisfies 1 ≤ k ≤ r, and set k days as the number of days in a week.

Alice is going to paint some n consecutive days on this calendar. On this calendar, dates are written from the left cell to the right cell in a week. If a date reaches the last day of a week, the next day's cell is the leftmost cell in the next (under) row.

She wants to make all of the painted cells to be connected by side. It means, that for any two painted cells there should exist at least one sequence of painted cells, started in one of these cells, and ended in another, such that any two consecutive cells in this sequence are connected by side.

Alice is considering the shape of the painted cells. Two shapes are the same if there exists a way to make them exactly overlapped using only parallel moves, parallel to the calendar's sides.

For example, in the picture, a week has 4 days and Alice paints 5 consecutive days. [1] and [2] are different shapes, but [1] and [3] are equal shapes.


Alice wants to know how many possible shapes exists if she set how many days a week has and choose consecutive n days and paints them in calendar started in one of the days of the week. As was said before, she considers only shapes, there all cells are connected by side.

Input

The input consists of multiple test cases. The first line contains a single integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases. Next t lines contain descriptions of test cases.

For each test case, the only line contains two integers n, r (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^9, 1 ≤ r ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case, print a single integer — the answer to the problem.

Please note, that the answer for some test cases won't fit into 32-bit integer type, so you should use at least 64-bit integer type in your programming language.

Example

Input

5
3 4
3 2
3 1
13 7
1010000...
The above is tricky. Write me a correct solution in PYTHON3.
assistant
#Here is Python code to print a single integer — the answer to the problem.

from sys import stdin
from bisect import bisect_left as bl
from bisect import bisect_right as br

def input():
    return stdin.readline()[:-1]

def intput():
    return int(input())

def sinput():
    return input().split()

def intsput():
    return map(int, sinput())

class RangedList:
    def __init__(self, start, stop, val=0):
        self.shift = 0 - start
        self.start = start
        self.stop = stop
        self.list = [val] * (stop - start)

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        self.list[key + self.shift] = value

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        return self.list[key + self.shift]

    def __repr__(self):
        return str(self.list)

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self.list)

def dprint(*args, **kwargs):
    if debugging:
        print(*args, **kwargs)

debugging = 1
# Code
t = intput()
for _ in range(t):
    n, r = intsput()
    limit = min(n - 1, r)
    a = (limit + 1) * limit // 2
    if r >= n:
        b = 1
    else:
        b = 0
    print(a + b)