human
I am working on the file "P3wNT Notebook 4.ipynb".
The first task is:
Since functions are Python objects, it is possible to define a function which takes a function as input and outputs a function too!  You can pass a function as an input parameter to another function, just as if it were any other variable.  You can output a function with the return keyword, just as if it were another variable.  And you can define a new function within the scope of a function!
Here's a basic example as a warmup.
Can you write Python code for it?

Give me a the Python code you requested?
assistant
#Here is the Python code you requested.

def addone(x):  # Let's make a simple function.
    return x + 1  # It's not a very interesting function, is it.

addone(10) # Predict the result.

def do_twice(f):
    '''
    If a function f is input, then the output is the function
    "f composed with f."
    '''
    def ff(x):  # Defines a new function ff!
        return f(f(x)) # This is what ff does.
    
    return ff

addtwo = do_twice(addone)  # addtwo is a function!

addtwo(10)  # What is the result?