human
jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis, management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending, investing (including asset-liability management) and deposit-raising activities. this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income. cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets. management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending, investing and deposit-raising activities. the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib. year ended december 31, (in millions, except rates) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis (a) (b) $51410 $47292 $44620 less: cib markets net interest income (c) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets (a) $46780 $40958 $39322 average interest-earning assets $2180592 $2101604 $2088242 less: average cib markets interest-earning assets (c) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $1639757 $1581297 $1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% (2.36%) 2.25% (2.25%) 2.14% (2.14%) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets (c) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% (2.85%) 2.59% (2.59%) 2.49% (2.49%) (a) interest includes the effect of related hedges. taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable. (b) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis, see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s. gaap results to managed basis on page 52. (c) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses. for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses, see page 65. calculation of certain u.s. gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s. gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows: book value per share (201cbvps 201d) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets (201croa 201d) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity (201croe 201d) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity (201crotce 201d) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share (201ctbvps 201d) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity.
| Year ended December 31,(in millions, except rates) | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 |
| --------- | --------- | --------- | --------- |
| Net interest income – managed basis<sup>(a)(b)</sup> | $51,410 | $47,292 | $44,620 |
| Less: CIB Markets net interest income<sup>(c)</sup> | 4,630 | 6,334 | 5,298 |
| Net interest income excluding CIB Markets<sup>(a)</sup> | $46,780 | $40,958 | $39,322 |
| Average interest-earning assets | $2,180,592 | $2,101,604 | $2,088,242 |
| Less: Average CIB Markets interest-earning assets<sup>(c)</sup> | 540,835 | 520,307 | 510,292 |
| Average interest-earning assets excluding CIB Markets | $1,639,757 | $1,581,297 | $1,577,950 |
| Net interest yield on average interest-earning assets – managed basis | 2.36% | 2.25% | 2.14% |
| Net interest yield on average CIB Markets interest-earning assets<sup>(c)</sup> | 0.86 | 1.22 | 1.04 |
| Net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding CIB Markets | 2.85% | 2.59% | 2.49% |
jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis, management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending, investing (including asset-liability management) and deposit-raising activities. this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income. cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets. management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending, investing and deposit-raising activities. the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib. year ended december 31, (in millions, except rates) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis (a) (b) $51410 $47292 $44620 less: cib markets net interest income (c) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets (a) $46780 $40958 $39322 average interest-earning assets $2180592 $2101604 $2088242 less: average cib markets interest-earning assets (c) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $1639757 $1581297 $1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% (2.36%) 2.25% (2.25%) 2.14% (2.14%) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets (c) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% (2.85%) 2.59% (2.59%) 2.49% (2.49%) (a) interest includes the effect of related hedges. taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable. (b) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis, see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s. gaap results to managed basis on page 52. (c) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses. for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses, see page 65. calculation of certain u.s. gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s. gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows: book value per share (201cbvps 201d) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets (201croa 201d) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity (201croe 201d) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity (201crotce 201d) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share (201ctbvps 201d) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity.
Please answer the following question with expressions if necessary.
what percentage change does this represent?
assistant
subtract(1639757, 1581297), divide(#0, 1581297)